know about Bhagat Singh 1907-1931

About Shaheed Bhagat Singh

 27 September 1907 - 23 March 1931) [2] was an Indian nationalist who was considered one of the most influential rebels in the Indian liberation movement. He is often referred to as Shaheed Bhagat Singh, the word "Shaheed" meaning "martyr" in many Indian languages. [4] [5] [6] He was born into a Sandhu Jat Sikh family who had been actively involved in the struggle against the British Raj, while young Singam studied the European revolutionary movement and was attracted to the anarchist and marxist ideologies. He became involved in many revolutionary movements, rose through the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) to become one of its leaders, and eventually changed his name to the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) in 1928. [7] [8] [9] Seeking revenge for the death of Lala Lajpat Rai at the hands of police, Singh was involved in the assassination of British police officer John Saunders. He fled police efforts to apprehend him. In collaboration with Batukeshwar Dutt, he made a successful effort to throw two bombs and booklets inside the Central Legislative Assembly while shouting the slogans of Inquilab Zindabad. After that they surrendered and surrendered. As a result of this case, he received widespread support throughout the country during a 116-day fast in prison, demanding equal rights for British and Indian political prisoners. [10] During this time, sufficient evidence was presented in connection with the Saunders' conviction, following a special hearing by the Special Tribunal and an appeal to the English Legislature. He was convicted and subsequently hanged for his involvement in the murder, at the age of 23. His legacy inspired the Indian youth to start fighting for Indian freedom and he continues to be the idol of youth in modern India, as well as promoting many films. He is remembered for a large bronze statue in the Indian Parliament, along with other monuments. The house where Shaheed Bhagat Singh was born Kishan Singh and Vidyavati is in present-day Pakistan known as Chak No. 105, GB, Banga village, Jaranwala Tehsil in Lyallpur district of Punjab province in British India. [3] [11] He belonged to the Sikh family who loved their country, some of them in the Indian Independence movement, and others who had served in Maharaja Ranjit Singh's army. [12] His ancestors hailed from the Khatkar Kalan village near the town of Banga in the Nawanshahr region (now called Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar) of Punjab. [13] [14] The family was originally from the village of Narli in the Lahore region of the Tarn Taran region of India. There is an exciting account of how one of the ancestors moved to Khatkar Kalan given in the history of Singh's uncle and the famous freedom fighter, Ajit Singh in his autobiography Buried Alive. [15] Singh's name "Bhagat" means 'devoteer' and was named "Bhaganwala" ('lucky') by his grandmother, since the news of his uncle Ajit Singh's release from Mandalay prison and his father's Lahore prison both coincided with his birth. [13] [16] His grandfather, Arjun Singh, was a follower of the Swami Islamic movement Dayananda Saraswati, Arya Samaj, [17] who was a major influence on young Bhagat. [18] His father, and his uncle Ajit Singh and Swaran Singh, were members of the Ghadar Party, led by Kartar Singh Sarabha and Har Dayal. [19] Ajit Singh was forced to flee to Persia because of pending court cases, and Swaran Singh died at home in 1910 after being released from Borstal Jail in Lahore. [19] Unlike many Sikhs of his age, Singh did not attend Khalsa High School in Lahore, because his grandfather did not acknowledge the loyalty of school officials to the British authorities. [20] Instead, his grandfather enrolled him in Dayanand Anglo Vedic High School, in the Arya Samaji center. [21] [22] Singh was influenced by a number of events during his childhood that instilled in him a deep sense of patriotism that would eventually lead to India's liberation struggle. [23] In 1919, at the age of 12, Bhagat Singh visited the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, where non-violent protesters gathered at a public rally and were shot without warning, killing hundreds and injuring thousands. Bhagat Singh played a major role in Mahatma Gandhi's Non-Cooperation Movement in 1920 and publicly exposed the British in pursuit of Gandhi's desire to burn his government documents and any British clothing he could find. [24] At the age of 14, he was welcomed into his hometown by protesters against the Gurudwara Nankana Sahib bombing on February 20, 1921, which killed dozens of unarmed protesters. [3] [25] Disappointed by Gandhi's philosophy of non-violence, after Gandhi set up a non-partisan organization, following a police brutality in rural areas, which led to the killing of Curi Chaura in the United States in 1922. , joined the Young Revolutionary Movement. From now on, he began to promote the violent overthrow of the British people in India.

An unusual historical image of students and staff of the National College, Lahore, started by Lala Lajpat Rai. Bhagat Singh appears to be fourth from the right. In 1923, Singh joined the National College in Lahore, where he not only studied but also expanded academic activities. [3] He was a community participant in college drama. [3] During this time, he spoke Hindi, English, Urdu, Punjabi, and Sanskrit. [3] [26] [27] In 1923, Singh won an essay competition founded by Punjab Hindi Sahitya Sammelan. In his presentation of Punjab's Language and Script, he quoted from Punjabi literature and showed a deep understanding of the problems of Punjab abuse. [3] He joined the Indian nationalist youth organization Naujawan Bharat Sabha (Hindi: "Indian Youth Association") and other activists, and became famous in the organization. [7] He also joined the Hindustan Republican Association, [25] which had prominent leaders, such as Ram Prasad Bismil, Chandrashekhar Azad and Ashfaqulla Khan. The name of the organization was changed to the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association with Singh's emphasis. [8] A year later, to avoid getting married by his family, Singh fled his home to Cawnpore. [3] In a letter he left behind, he said: "My life is reserved for the best possible delivery, of national liberation. Therefore, no rest or worldly desire can entice me now ..." [3]

It is also believed that he went to Cawnpore to try to free prisoners who had robbed the train in prison, but he returned to Lahore for unknown reasons. [28] On the day of Dussehra in October 1926, a bomb exploded in Lahore. [3] Singh was arrested on suspicion of involvement in the Dussehra bombing of May 29, 1927, but was released on suspicion of misconduct by paying a fine of Rs. 60,000, [3] approximately five weeks after his arrest. [30] He wrote and edited Urdu and Punjabi newspapers, published in Amritsar. [31] In September 1928, the Kirti Kisan Party ("Workers and Peasants Party") organized a meeting in India for all rebels in Delhi with Singh as its secretary. [3] He later rose to become the leader of this movement. [3] [edit] Recent transformation activities

Lala Lajpat Rai's death and Saunders' assassination The British government has set up a commission under Sir John Simon to report on the political situation in India at that time in 1928. [32] Indian political parties boycotted the Commission, because it did not include any Indian in its membership, and the Commission met with national protests. [32] During a visit to Lahore on October 30, 1928, Lala Lajpat Rai led a non-violent protest that represented the commission in a silent march, but police responded with violence. [32] The police chief, James A. Scott, ordered the police to charge the protesters and assaulted Rai, who was critically injured, [32]. [32] However, when the issue was raised in the British Parliament, the British Government denied any role in Rai's death. [33] Although some sources claim that Singh witnessed the event, [34] while others objected, [30] vowed to retaliate, [33] and joined other revolutionaries, Shivaram Rajguru, Sukhdev Thapar, Jai Gopal and Chandrashekhar Azad, in a plot to assassinate Scott. [34] Jai Gopal should have pointed out the king and indicated that Singh would shoot. However, in a state of uncertainty, Gopal identified Singh with the appearance of John P. Saunders, Assistant Superintendent of Police. [35] [36] He was shot by Rajguru and Singh as he left the regional police headquarters in Lahore at 4.15pm on December 17, 1928. [35] [36] Chief Constable Chanan Singh was also killed while assisting Saunders